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HDMI
(High Definition Multimedia
Interface) HDMI is the intercon-
nect system that permits a direct
digital connection between a FPTV
and devices such as set-top boxes,
DVD/Blu-ray players and game
consoles. An HDMI connection
carries both digital audio and
video and is capable of very high
performance information transfer.
In addition, the audio and video
signals are never converted to an
analog signal, always staying in
the digital domain, for the best
possible sound and picture.
120Hz
This refers to the refresh rate of
the display, which is the number of
times a display's image is repainted
or refreshed per second. Normal TV
broadcasts in the United States use
a 30Hz frame rate (standard
definition actually runs at 29.97hz
for very obscure reasons having to
do with analog color television),
which means the image is refreshed
30 times in a second. Most high
definition FPTV's run at a 60Hz
frame refresh rate displaying each
frame twice for smoother motion.
Some newer 1080p TV's now
support a 120Hz refresh rate which
requires them to display each frame
4 times resulting in even better
motion integration, however, some
people believe this can look
unnatural for film content.
To complicate matters further,
Blu-ray players can now display
some film-based content at their
native rate of 24 frames per second.
All modern films run at 24fps which
was determined to be the minimum
frame rate required to completely
eliminate the perceptions of flicker
if each frame is shown twice. Most
players use an option called 3:2 pull
down which normalizes the 24 frame
per second rate to a 30Hz frame
rate, but a 120Hz capable TV does
not need this as each frame of a
24fps source can be displayed
exactly 5 times.
COMPONENT
VIDEO
Before HDMI, this was the highest
quality connection available to an
HDTV. Component video uses a
three cable analog interface to
individually transfer the color
channels (red, green and blue) at
high bandwidth to the TV. While
the quality can be very good, this
interconnect requires a conversion
to analog at the source and a
re-conversion to digital by the TV.
Component connections also do
not carry audio information,
however they are traditionally used
with the standard analog (red and
white) audio connection or with a
digital optical connection to an
external receiver.
I AND P
When attached to numbers like 720
or 1080, these letters indicate
either (i)nterlaced or (p)rogressive
scanning while the numbers define
the number of horizontal lines that
make up the image. For comparison,
standard definition television in the
United States is 480i, while high
definition is either 720p, 1080i or
1080p. Many DVD players convert
480i to 480p for higher standard
definition performance.
Simply put, interlaced scanning
alternates between odd and even
fields to make up a video frame. This
means that one field contains odd
numbered lines and the next
contains even numbered lines.
Interlaced scanning requires less
transmission bandwidth or storage,
but can introduce subtle artifacts
into the picture such as jagged
diagonal lines or uneven sporadic
motion (judder) in moving images.
Progressive scanning displays the
entire image (odd and even lines)
all at once, producing the highest
quality images with a minimum of
motion artifacts. However, there is
no current broadcast path today
that can support the bandwidth
required for 1080p transmission.
This level of performance is
currently available only from Blu-ray
discs or some (late lamented) HD
DVD players.
120
Hz
60
Hz
30
Hz
NEWER 1080p HIGH-
DEFINITION TELEVISIONS
INTERL ACED
PROGRESSIVE
STANDARD DEFINITION
TELEVISIONS
MOST CURRENT HIGH-
DEFINITION TELEVISIONS
BUT FIRST A FEW
DEFINITIONS.
1080p
1080p
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